![]() ![]() Also, be sure to check the datasheet, as you may find graphs you can use to compare with your test measurements. Keep these points in mind if you’re contemplating pulling components out the board and testing them manually, as you may end up needing to scrap the board entirely. You generally will not be able to easily re-solder the component if the part turns out to be working properly. For components with fine-pitch BGAs, you need to uniformly heat the component with a heat gun to pull off the component. ![]() For very small components, like 0402 passives, it can be difficult to pull the component off without leaving some leftover solder, which could bridge the pads on the board. This is a sensitive task, as once you remove the component, you might not be able to re-solder it. Unfortunately, removing a component from the board is easier said than done. Some on-board tests of a PCBA can be performed with a multimeter If you can remove the component, you can place it into an SMD test fixture or breadboard and check its electrical behavior with a test circuit or probe system. Passives, transistors, electromechanical components (e.g., relays), connectors, and simple logic circuits can’t be properly tested with a multimeter to assess a component failure, and must be removed because every other feature on the board will become part of your test circuit. You won’t be able to do any probe-based tests directly when the component is on the board. In this case, unless the component was placed in a socket, the component is already soldered onto the board and will need to be removed. How can you test an electronic component once you’ve narrowed it down to a potential part failure? You can certainly pull out your trusty multimeter and start taking some resistance measurements, but this is only useful for tracking voltage throughout the board. Sometimes, when you’re working through debug tasks while working on a new board, you might narrow down a board failure to a potentially faulty component. Testing During Debug and Board Bring-Upīoard bring-up can be a nerve-wracking experience, especially when you start to suspect a component failure. More often, an individual designer will need to perform manual testing during board bring-up. These tests are only cost-effective in high-volume manufacturing, so they are generally not performed during prototyping runs. These system-level tests are often used to identify failed PCBAs or individual components, and design changes can be recommended by your manufacturer.
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